The problem of evidence-based medicine: directions for social science

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This digital document is a journal article from Social Science & Medicine, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is arguably the most important contemporary initiative committed to reshaping biomedical reason and practice. The move to establish scientific research as a fundamental ground of medical decision making has met with an enthusiastic reception within academic medicine, but has also generated considerable controversy. EBM and the broader forms of evidence-based decision making it has occasioned raise provocative questions about the relation of scientific knowledge to social action across a variety of domains. Social science inquiry about EBM has not yet reached the scale one might expect, given the breadth and significance of the phenomenon. This paper contributes reflections, critique and analysis aimed at helping to build a more robust social science investigation of EBM. The paper begins with a ”diagnostics” of the existing social science literature on EBM, emphasizing the possibilities and limitations of its two central organizing analytic perspectives: political economy and humanism. We further explore emerging trends in the literature including a turn to original empirical investigation and the embrace of ”newer” theoretical resources such as postmodern critique. We argue for the need to move the social inquiry of EBM beyond concerns about rationalization and the potential erasure of the patient and, to this end, suggest new avenues of exploration. The latter include analysis of clinical epidemiology and clinical reason as the discursive preconditions of EBM, the role of the patient as a site for the production of evidence, and the textually mediated character of EBM.

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Science 08 – Mixed Reality Lab,Adrain David Cheok


Jointly organised by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and Science Centre Singapore, science.08 is the biggest annual science festival in Singapore. where students and the general public can appreciate the wonders of science and how the latest developments in science,technology and biomedicine can create a positive impact in our everyday lives. The month-long science.08, which will focus on Fast Forward: The Science of Speed,kicks off on 15 August 2008 with its main event – X-periment*! – a three-day carnival at Marina Square Central Atrium to showcase the latest developments in science and technology by over 15 organisations including Mixed Reality Lab.

Harrison Jack Schmitt: Return to the Moon: Science, Energy and the Future


Dr. Harrison Schmitt has the diverse experience of a geologist, pilot, astronaut, administrator, businessman, writer, and US Senator. He received his BS from Caltech, studied as a Fulbright Scholar at Oslo, attended graduate school at Harvard and received his Ph.D. in geology in 1964. Selected for the Scientist-Astronaut program in 1965, Schmitt organized the lunar science training for the Apollo Astronauts, represented the crews during the development of hardware and procedures for lunar surface exploration, and oversaw the final preparation of the Apollo 11 Lunar Module Descent Stage. He served as Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 17 — the last Apollo mission to the moon. On December 11, 1972, he landed in the Valley of Taurus-Littrow as the only scientist and the last of the only 12 humans to stand on the Moon. In 1975, Harrison Schmitt was elected to a six-year term in the US Senate, the only natural scientist in the Senate since Thomas Jefferson was Vice-President of the United States. He was a member of the Senate Commerce, Banking, Appropriations, Intelligence, and Ethics Committees and held the position of Chairman of the Commerce Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space and of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. He later served on the Presidents Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, the Presidents Commission on Ethics Law Reform, the Army Science Board, as Co-Chairman of the International Observer Group for the

Nitroxides: Applications in Chemistry, Biomedicine, and Materials Science

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Covering all aspects of this field, this volume also critically discusses recent results obtained with the use of nitroxides, while providing an analysis of future developments.

Written by a group of scientists with long-term experience in investigating the chemistry, physicochemistry, biochemistry and biophysics of nitroxides, the book is not intended as an exhaustive survey of each topic, but rather a discussion of their theoretical and experimental background, as well as recent advances.

The first four chapters expound the general theoretical and experimental background and the advantages of modern ESR technique. Chapter 5 focuses on fundamentals and recent results in the preparation and basic chemical properties, while the next two chapters briefly outline principles and current results in nitroxides as spin probes, and as redox probes and spin traps. These chapters form the basis for the subsequent more detailed studies of nitroxides in physicochemistry, while the final chapters concentrate on the advantages of magnetic materials on the basis of nitroxides. Finally, the concluding chapter considers the rapidly developing field of biomedical, therapeutic and clinical applications.

With more than 1,100 references to essential literature, this volume provides fundamental knowledge of instrumentation, data interpretation, capacity and recent advantages of nitroxide applications, allowing readers to understand how nitroxides can help them in solving their own problems.

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Science Foundation Arizona, Supporting Innovative Research to Make Fuel from Algae a Reality


Science Foundation Arizona (SFAz) is a 501 C3 private public partnership that builds and strengthens scientific and education infrastructure in areas of greatest strategic importance to the state These areas comprise advanced communications, biomedicine and sustainable systems including renewable energies. In this video, SFAz has teamed with researchers at Arizona State University to utilize tiny microorganisms that take advantage of the abundant southwest sunshine to produce a high energy biofuel for airplanes and jets. This renewable energy technology will lessen our dependence on foreign oil and has an estimated yield many times greater than corn or other plant -based approaches to biofuel development. For more information please go to www.sfaz.org. In the video are Arizona State University researchers Qiang Hu and Milton Sommerfeld and William C. Harris, President and CEO Science Foundation Arizona.